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The first complete description of the holotype of Brachylophosaurus canadensis Sternberg, 1953 (Dinosauria: Hadrosauridae) with comments on intraspecific variation

Identifieur interne : 001A84 ( Istex/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001A83; suivant : 001A85

The first complete description of the holotype of Brachylophosaurus canadensis Sternberg, 1953 (Dinosauria: Hadrosauridae) with comments on intraspecific variation

Auteurs : Robin S. Cuthbertson [Canada] ; Robert B. Holmes [Canada]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:235AEB99F28B53A568193BB5E82BD22FB2F09B25

English descriptors

Abstract

The holotype of Brachylophosaurus canadensis was collected by C.M. Sternberg in 1936 from the Oldman Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Alberta, Canada, with a brief description focusing on the cranium following in 1953. A re‐description of the holotype skeleton confirms its position as a hadrosaurine dinosaur exhibiting the following unique combination of characters: paddle‐like solid nasal crest; posteriorly elongated prefrontal; only the anterior tip of the lacrimal contacting maxilla; extremely elongated anterior maxillary process; and a quadratojugal with a noncrescentic posterior margin variably forming a paraquadratic foramen with the quadrate. Comparison of the holotype with other specimens assigned to the taxon reveals numerous morphological differences. These variable features include the presence/absence of an accessory premaxillary foramen, the number of maxillary/dentary vertical tooth rows, the number of functional teeth per tooth row contributing to the dental occlusal surface, the bones forming the mandibular glenoid, the presence/absence of a nasal foramen, nasal crest morphology, the number of cervical vertebrae, and axis morphology.

Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00612.x


Affiliations:


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ISTEX:235AEB99F28B53A568193BB5E82BD22FB2F09B25

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<title xml:lang="en">The first complete description of the holotype of Brachylophosaurus canadensis Sternberg, 1953 (Dinosauria: Hadrosauridae) with comments on intraspecific variation</title>
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<name sortKey="Cuthbertson, Robin S" sort="Cuthbertson, Robin S" uniqKey="Cuthbertson R" first="Robin S." last="Cuthbertson">Robin S. Cuthbertson</name>
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<name sortKey="Holmes, Robert B" sort="Holmes, Robert B" uniqKey="Holmes R" first="Robert B." last="Holmes">Robert B. Holmes</name>
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<name sortKey="Cuthbertson, Robin S" sort="Cuthbertson, Robin S" uniqKey="Cuthbertson R" first="Robin S." last="Cuthbertson">Robin S. Cuthbertson</name>
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<country>Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, 2125 Herzberg Building, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion>
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<country wicri:rule="url">Canada</country>
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<name sortKey="Holmes, Robert B" sort="Holmes, Robert B" uniqKey="Holmes R" first="Robert B." last="Holmes">Robert B. Holmes</name>
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<country>Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, CW 405 Biological Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Alberta</wicri:noRegion>
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<title level="j" type="main">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</title>
<title level="j" type="alt">ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0024-4082</idno>
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<publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher>
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<term>Abbreviation</term>
<term>Accessory</term>
<term>Accessory premaxillary foramen</term>
<term>Alar</term>
<term>Alar process</term>
<term>Alberta</term>
<term>Ange</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior border</term>
<term>Anterior face</term>
<term>Anterior limit</term>
<term>Anterior margin</term>
<term>Anterior maxillary process</term>
<term>Anterior process</term>
<term>Anterior surface</term>
<term>Anterior view</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Anterolateral</term>
<term>Anterolateral jugal process</term>
<term>Anterolateral surface</term>
<term>Anteroposteriorly</term>
<term>Approximate midlength</term>
<term>Armature</term>
<term>Articular</term>
<term>Articulation</term>
<term>Basisphenoid</term>
<term>Brachylophosaurus</term>
<term>Brachylophosaurus canadensis</term>
<term>California press</term>
<term>Canadensis</term>
<term>Canadensis exhibits</term>
<term>Capitulum</term>
<term>Caudal</term>
<term>Central portion</term>
<term>Centrum</term>
<term>Cervical</term>
<term>Cervical vertebra</term>
<term>Cervical vertebrae</term>
<term>Cervicals</term>
<term>Character state</term>
<term>Circumnarial</term>
<term>Circumnarial fossa</term>
<term>Condyle</term>
<term>Constituent bones</term>
<term>Coracoid</term>
<term>Coronoid</term>
<term>Coronoid process</term>
<term>Crest morphology</term>
<term>Cuthbertson</term>
<term>Deltoid</term>
<term>Deltoid ridge</term>
<term>Dental battery</term>
<term>Dental lamina</term>
<term>Dentary</term>
<term>Dentary tooth</term>
<term>Dentary tooth positions</term>
<term>Diapophysis</term>
<term>Dinosaur</term>
<term>Dinosauria</term>
<term>Distally</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal edge</term>
<term>Dorsal margin</term>
<term>Dorsal ribs</term>
<term>Dorsal surface</term>
<term>Dorsal vertebrae</term>
<term>Dorsally</term>
<term>Dorsolateral</term>
<term>Dorsolateral surface</term>
<term>Dorsoventrally</term>
<term>Ectopterygoid</term>
<term>Embayment</term>
<term>External naris</term>
<term>Facet</term>
<term>Fenestra</term>
<term>Foramen</term>
<term>Fossa</term>
<term>Frontal</term>
<term>Functional teeth</term>
<term>Functional tooth</term>
<term>Glenoid</term>
<term>Goodwini</term>
<term>Hadrosaur</term>
<term>Hadrosauridae</term>
<term>Holmes figure</term>
<term>Holotype</term>
<term>Holotype specimen</term>
<term>Horner</term>
<term>Humerus</term>
<term>Incomplete count</term>
<term>Intercentrum</term>
<term>Intermediate crest morphology</term>
<term>Intermediate morphology</term>
<term>Interorbital width</term>
<term>Jugal</term>
<term>Lacrimal</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral surface</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Linnean</term>
<term>Linnean society</term>
<term>Lull wright</term>
<term>Mandibular</term>
<term>Mandibular condyle</term>
<term>Mandibular glenoid</term>
<term>Maxilla</term>
<term>Maxillary</term>
<term>Maxillary process</term>
<term>Maxillary tooth</term>
<term>Maxillary tooth rows</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Medial surface</term>
<term>Medial surfaces</term>
<term>Medially</term>
<term>Mediolaterally</term>
<term>Montana material</term>
<term>More posteriorly</term>
<term>Morphological discrepancies</term>
<term>Morphology</term>
<term>Naris</term>
<term>Nasal</term>
<term>Nasal crest</term>
<term>Neural</term>
<term>Neural arch</term>
<term>Neural canal</term>
<term>Neural spine</term>
<term>Occlusal</term>
<term>Occlusal surface</term>
<term>Oldman formation</term>
<term>Oral margin</term>
<term>Other hadrosaurs</term>
<term>Ottawa field naturalist</term>
<term>Palatine</term>
<term>Paraquadratic</term>
<term>Paraquadratic foramen</term>
<term>Paraquadratic notch</term>
<term>Parietal</term>
<term>Parietal crest</term>
<term>Parsimonious trees</term>
<term>Phylogenetic</term>
<term>Phylogenetic analysis</term>
<term>Poor preservation</term>
<term>Posterior</term>
<term>Posterior extension</term>
<term>Posterior extent</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Posterodorsal</term>
<term>Posterodorsally</term>
<term>Posterolateral</term>
<term>Posterolateral premaxillary process</term>
<term>Posteromedial</term>
<term>Posteroventral</term>
<term>Posteroventral projection</term>
<term>Postorbital</term>
<term>Postzygapophyseal</term>
<term>Prefrontal</term>
<term>Premaxilla</term>
<term>Premaxillary</term>
<term>Pterygoid</term>
<term>Quadrate</term>
<term>Quadrate embayment</term>
<term>Quadratojugal</term>
<term>Regalis</term>
<term>Rib</term>
<term>Right side</term>
<term>Robust</term>
<term>Robust form</term>
<term>Rostral</term>
<term>Rostral jugal</term>
<term>Rugose</term>
<term>Scapula</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Solid crest</term>
<term>Splenial</term>
<term>Squamosal</term>
<term>Steel armature</term>
<term>Sternberg</term>
<term>Strict consensus</term>
<term>Supratemporal</term>
<term>Supratemporal fenestra</term>
<term>Surangular</term>
<term>Suture</term>
<term>Taxon</term>
<term>Tooth positions</term>
<term>Tooth rows</term>
<term>Ulna</term>
<term>Unambiguous synapomorphies</term>
<term>Upper cretaceous</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventral surface</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Ventrolateral surface</term>
<term>Vertebra</term>
<term>Vertebrate paleontology</term>
<term>Vertical maxillary tooth</term>
<term>Vertical rows</term>
<term>Vertical tooth</term>
<term>Vertical tooth rows</term>
<term>Vomer</term>
<term>Weishampel</term>
<term>Zoological</term>
<term>Zoological journal</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en">
<term>Abbreviation</term>
<term>Accessory</term>
<term>Accessory premaxillary foramen</term>
<term>Alar</term>
<term>Alar process</term>
<term>Alberta</term>
<term>Ange</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior border</term>
<term>Anterior face</term>
<term>Anterior limit</term>
<term>Anterior margin</term>
<term>Anterior maxillary process</term>
<term>Anterior process</term>
<term>Anterior surface</term>
<term>Anterior view</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Anterolateral</term>
<term>Anterolateral jugal process</term>
<term>Anterolateral surface</term>
<term>Anteroposteriorly</term>
<term>Approximate midlength</term>
<term>Armature</term>
<term>Articular</term>
<term>Articulation</term>
<term>Basisphenoid</term>
<term>Brachylophosaurus</term>
<term>Brachylophosaurus canadensis</term>
<term>California press</term>
<term>Canadensis</term>
<term>Canadensis exhibits</term>
<term>Capitulum</term>
<term>Caudal</term>
<term>Central portion</term>
<term>Centrum</term>
<term>Cervical</term>
<term>Cervical vertebra</term>
<term>Cervical vertebrae</term>
<term>Cervicals</term>
<term>Character state</term>
<term>Circumnarial</term>
<term>Circumnarial fossa</term>
<term>Condyle</term>
<term>Constituent bones</term>
<term>Coracoid</term>
<term>Coronoid</term>
<term>Coronoid process</term>
<term>Crest morphology</term>
<term>Cuthbertson</term>
<term>Deltoid</term>
<term>Deltoid ridge</term>
<term>Dental battery</term>
<term>Dental lamina</term>
<term>Dentary</term>
<term>Dentary tooth</term>
<term>Dentary tooth positions</term>
<term>Diapophysis</term>
<term>Dinosaur</term>
<term>Dinosauria</term>
<term>Distally</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal edge</term>
<term>Dorsal margin</term>
<term>Dorsal ribs</term>
<term>Dorsal surface</term>
<term>Dorsal vertebrae</term>
<term>Dorsally</term>
<term>Dorsolateral</term>
<term>Dorsolateral surface</term>
<term>Dorsoventrally</term>
<term>Ectopterygoid</term>
<term>Embayment</term>
<term>External naris</term>
<term>Facet</term>
<term>Fenestra</term>
<term>Foramen</term>
<term>Fossa</term>
<term>Frontal</term>
<term>Functional teeth</term>
<term>Functional tooth</term>
<term>Glenoid</term>
<term>Goodwini</term>
<term>Hadrosaur</term>
<term>Hadrosauridae</term>
<term>Holmes figure</term>
<term>Holotype</term>
<term>Holotype specimen</term>
<term>Horner</term>
<term>Humerus</term>
<term>Incomplete count</term>
<term>Intercentrum</term>
<term>Intermediate crest morphology</term>
<term>Intermediate morphology</term>
<term>Interorbital width</term>
<term>Jugal</term>
<term>Lacrimal</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral surface</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Linnean</term>
<term>Linnean society</term>
<term>Lull wright</term>
<term>Mandibular</term>
<term>Mandibular condyle</term>
<term>Mandibular glenoid</term>
<term>Maxilla</term>
<term>Maxillary</term>
<term>Maxillary process</term>
<term>Maxillary tooth</term>
<term>Maxillary tooth rows</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Medial surface</term>
<term>Medial surfaces</term>
<term>Medially</term>
<term>Mediolaterally</term>
<term>Montana material</term>
<term>More posteriorly</term>
<term>Morphological discrepancies</term>
<term>Morphology</term>
<term>Naris</term>
<term>Nasal</term>
<term>Nasal crest</term>
<term>Neural</term>
<term>Neural arch</term>
<term>Neural canal</term>
<term>Neural spine</term>
<term>Occlusal</term>
<term>Occlusal surface</term>
<term>Oldman formation</term>
<term>Oral margin</term>
<term>Other hadrosaurs</term>
<term>Ottawa field naturalist</term>
<term>Palatine</term>
<term>Paraquadratic</term>
<term>Paraquadratic foramen</term>
<term>Paraquadratic notch</term>
<term>Parietal</term>
<term>Parietal crest</term>
<term>Parsimonious trees</term>
<term>Phylogenetic</term>
<term>Phylogenetic analysis</term>
<term>Poor preservation</term>
<term>Posterior</term>
<term>Posterior extension</term>
<term>Posterior extent</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Posterodorsal</term>
<term>Posterodorsally</term>
<term>Posterolateral</term>
<term>Posterolateral premaxillary process</term>
<term>Posteromedial</term>
<term>Posteroventral</term>
<term>Posteroventral projection</term>
<term>Postorbital</term>
<term>Postzygapophyseal</term>
<term>Prefrontal</term>
<term>Premaxilla</term>
<term>Premaxillary</term>
<term>Pterygoid</term>
<term>Quadrate</term>
<term>Quadrate embayment</term>
<term>Quadratojugal</term>
<term>Regalis</term>
<term>Rib</term>
<term>Right side</term>
<term>Robust</term>
<term>Robust form</term>
<term>Rostral</term>
<term>Rostral jugal</term>
<term>Rugose</term>
<term>Scapula</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Solid crest</term>
<term>Splenial</term>
<term>Squamosal</term>
<term>Steel armature</term>
<term>Sternberg</term>
<term>Strict consensus</term>
<term>Supratemporal</term>
<term>Supratemporal fenestra</term>
<term>Surangular</term>
<term>Suture</term>
<term>Taxon</term>
<term>Tooth positions</term>
<term>Tooth rows</term>
<term>Ulna</term>
<term>Unambiguous synapomorphies</term>
<term>Upper cretaceous</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventral surface</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Ventrolateral surface</term>
<term>Vertebra</term>
<term>Vertebrate paleontology</term>
<term>Vertical maxillary tooth</term>
<term>Vertical rows</term>
<term>Vertical tooth</term>
<term>Vertical tooth rows</term>
<term>Vomer</term>
<term>Weishampel</term>
<term>Zoological</term>
<term>Zoological journal</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
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<front>
<div type="abstract">The holotype of Brachylophosaurus canadensis was collected by C.M. Sternberg in 1936 from the Oldman Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Alberta, Canada, with a brief description focusing on the cranium following in 1953. A re‐description of the holotype skeleton confirms its position as a hadrosaurine dinosaur exhibiting the following unique combination of characters: paddle‐like solid nasal crest; posteriorly elongated prefrontal; only the anterior tip of the lacrimal contacting maxilla; extremely elongated anterior maxillary process; and a quadratojugal with a noncrescentic posterior margin variably forming a paraquadratic foramen with the quadrate. Comparison of the holotype with other specimens assigned to the taxon reveals numerous morphological differences. These variable features include the presence/absence of an accessory premaxillary foramen, the number of maxillary/dentary vertical tooth rows, the number of functional teeth per tooth row contributing to the dental occlusal surface, the bones forming the mandibular glenoid, the presence/absence of a nasal foramen, nasal crest morphology, the number of cervical vertebrae, and axis morphology.</div>
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<li>Canada</li>
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<name sortKey="Cuthbertson, Robin S" sort="Cuthbertson, Robin S" uniqKey="Cuthbertson R" first="Robin S." last="Cuthbertson">Robin S. Cuthbertson</name>
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<name sortKey="Cuthbertson, Robin S" sort="Cuthbertson, Robin S" uniqKey="Cuthbertson R" first="Robin S." last="Cuthbertson">Robin S. Cuthbertson</name>
<name sortKey="Holmes, Robert B" sort="Holmes, Robert B" uniqKey="Holmes R" first="Robert B." last="Holmes">Robert B. Holmes</name>
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